Euro area economic and financial developments by institutional sector: fourth quarter of 2025

  • Euro area net saving increased to €873 billion in 2025, compared with €867 billion in four quarter period ending on third quarter of 2025
  • Household debt-to-income ratio decreased to 81.4% in 2025 from 81.7% one year earlier
  • Non-financial corporations’ debt-to-GDP ratio (consolidated measure) decreased to 65.8% in 2025 from 67.3% one year earlier

Published on 29th of April 2026

Total euro area economy

Euro area net saving increased to €873 billion (6.9% of euro area net disposable income) in 2025 compared with €867 billion in the four quarter period ending on the third quarter of 2025. Euro area net non-financial investment increased to €602 billion (4.8% of euro area net disposable income), due to increased investment by general government and households while net investments by financial corporations and non-financial corporations remained broadly stable (see Chart 1).

Euro area net lending to the rest of the world decreased to €301 billion (from €310 billion previously), as the increase in net non-financial investment more than offset the net saving increase. Households net lending decreased to €585 billion (4.6% of net disposable income) from €602 billion. Net lending of non-financial corporations (€62 billion, i.e. 0.5% of net disposable income) and that of financial corporations (€116 billion, i.e. 0.9% of net disposable income) were both broadly unchanged. General government net borrowing decreased (-€462 billion, i.e. ‑3.7% of net disposable income, after -€468 billion), contributing less negatively to euro area net lending. 

Updated on the 29th of April 2026