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Evaluating the Financial Instability Hypothesis : A Positive and Normative Analysis of Leveraged Risk-Taking and Extrapolative Expectations

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When does Monetary Policy Matter? Not all Policy Statements are Alike

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Income Smoothing in Europe: A Multi-Speed Process

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Financial market infrastructures, payment systems

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Exchange rates (daily parities) - 2025-07-04

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Pages

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IBFI Publications - Flipbooks

At your service | Banque de France
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The Savings and Investments Union

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Structural Factors in the Global Economy

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Membres

Définitions

Definitions

42 Results

h

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP)

A price index with a definition and methodology harmonised across the European Union, allowing for comparisons between countries.

u

Underlying inflation

A measure of inflation that provides a fundamental trend in price developments. It reflects the deep evolution in production costs and the match between supply and demand. Underlying inflation is therefore more appropriate for analysing inflationary pressures, as it is less affected by exogenous factors.

m

Median

A value that divides a distribution into two equal parts. For example, in a distribution of wages, 50% of wages are below the median value and 50% are above it.

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