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ECB steps up climate work with focus on green transition, climate and nature-related risks
- Increasing impact of climate crisis on economy and financial system drives need for more action
- ECB reaffirms commitment to ongoing climate actions and will review them regularly
- Three focus areas to guide work for 2024 and 2025: implications of green transition, physical impact of climate change, and nature-related risks for the economy and financial system
Published on 30 January 2024
The European Central Bank (ECB) has decided to expand its work on climate change, identifying
three focus areas that will guide its activities in 2024 and 2025:
1. the impact and risks of the transition to a green economy, especially the associated transition
costs and investment needs;
2. the increasing physical impact of climate change, and how measures to adapt to a hotter world
affect the economy;
3. the risks stemming from nature loss and degradation, how they interact with climate-related
risks and how they could affect the ECB’s work through their impact on the economy and financial
system.
“A hotter climate and the degradation of natural capital are forcing change in our economy and
financial system. We must understand and keep up with this change to continue to fulfil our mandate”,
said ECB President Christine Lagarde. “By broadening and intensifying our efforts we can better
understand the implications of these changes and, in doing so, help to underpin stability and support
the green transition of the economy and the financial system.”
To this end, the following concrete measures have been agreed.
On the transition to a green economy, the ECB will intensify its work on the effects of transition
funding, green investment needs, transition plans and how the green transition affects aspects of
our economy such as labour, productivity and growth. The results will also inform the ECB’s
macro modelling framework. Furthermore, the ECB will explore, within its mandate, the case for
further changes to its monetary policy instruments and portfolios in view of this transition.
• On the increasing physical impact of climate change, the ECB will deepen its analysis of the
impact of extreme weather events on inflation and the financial system, and how this can be
integrated into climate scenarios and macroeconomic projections. It will also assess the potential
impact of adaptation, or lack thereof, to climate change on the economy and financial sector,
including related investment needs and the insurance protection gap.
• On nature loss and degradation, the ECB will analyse the close link with climate change, and
the associated economic and financial implications. It will also further explore the role of
ecosystems for the economy and the financial system.
• With regard to its own operations, the ECB will launch its eighth Environmental Management
Programme to support achieving its 2030 carbon reduction targets. Together with the entire
Eurosystem, its work will include eco-design principles for the future euro banknote series and
incorporate environmental footprint considerations into the design of a digital euro that is currently
in the preparation phase.
The decision to step up efforts in these areas follows the ECB’s stocktake of its climate actions since
launching its 2022 climate agenda, and an adjustment of its work plan in the light of the changing
environment and improvements in data availability and methodologies.
The work planned for these focus areas will complement the ECB’s current climate-related actions in
its ongoing tasks, including monetary policy and banking supervision. The ECB will improve its
climate-related indicators, risk monitoring and disclosures, and continue to contribute to the
development of climate-related policies in European and international fora. Looking ahead, the ECB
remains committed to regularly reviewing these actions to ensure they are fit for purpose and
contribute to fulfilling its mandate.
A comprehensive overview of the planned work programme for 2024 and 2025 is available in the
Annex and more information can be found on the ECB’s website.
Download the PDF version of the document
Updated on 30 January 2024