Money and the financing of the economy 2022Dec

Over one year, financing to the private sector increased by 5.7%
  • In 2022, the resident resources of MFIs included in M3 increased by +5.8% on an annual basis (see Table 2), i.e. a surplus of EUR 159.8 billion. However, this increase masks contrasting developments depending on the type of deposit:

    • - Overnight deposits decreased by -1.6% on an annual basis in December (down from -0.9% in November) mainly due to transfers by non-financial corporations to interest-bearing deposits.

    - The growth of the M2 - M1 aggregate, which contains interest-bearing deposits, increased sharply in return (+16.1% in December, up from +12.5% in November), driven by the sharp rise in deposits with an agreed maturity of up to two years (+83.8%, up from +57.9% in November) and the continued net inflow of funds into saving accounts (+6.9%, up from +6.2% in November).

  • Thus, for the first time since the end of 2013, the relative share of M2-M1 in the money supply has increased. It stands at 37%, compared with 45% in 2014 when the very low interest rate policy was introduced. After taking into account gross monetary liabilities and assets vis-à-vis the rest of the euro area, the growth rate of the French component of the euro area monetary aggregate M3 reaches +5.9% in December 2022 (up from +5.1% in November).

  • In 2022, the outstanding amount of loans to the private sector increased by +5.7% compared to the previous year (a year-on-year increase of 7.3 % for non-financial corporations and 4.9% for households). This is more than in 2021, when this financing to the private sector increased by +4.0%.


Table 1 - France : M3 and the financing of the economy

December 2022 (12-month cumulative flows)
Total assets 207.9 Total liabilities 207.9
Domestic General Government financing 43.5 Resources included in M3 159.8
Of which loans -0.2 M1 -24.5
Of which securities 43.7 M2 - M1 149.9
Domestic private sector financing 198.8 M3 - M2 34.3
Of which loans to households 80.5 Long-term resources (a) 48.1
Of which loans to NFCs 90.3
Net external assets -97.6
Remaining counterparts (b) 63.2


(a) Deposits over 2 years, debt securities issued, capital and reserves, central government deposits.
(b) Net of inter-MFI assets and liabilities, net of other balance sheet items (financial derivatives, accounting lags, fixed assets), currency in circulation, gold, SDR.
Source and production: Banque de France - Direction générale de la statistique, des études et de l'international
Table 2 - France : monetary resources of monetary financial institutions
Decomposition of French component of euro-area M3 Outstandings
(in € Bn)		 Annual growth
rate (in %)		 Flows
(en € Bn) (a)
Dec-22 Nov-22 Dec-22 Nov-22 Dec-22
Overnight deposits 1,495 -0.9 -1.6 -15.4 -8.6
= Domestic resources included in M1 1,495 -0.9 -1.6 -15.4 -8.6
Deposits with agreed maturity of up to 2 years 209 57.9 83.8 16.4 21.8
+ Saving accounts 876 6.2 6.9 0.9 8.0
= Domestic resources included in M2-M1 1,085 12.5 16.1 17.3 29.8
MMF shares 247 -14.7 -5.6 6.8 9.0
+ Repurchase agreements 36 27.3 31.2 2.5 -11.8
+ Debt securities issued with a maturity of up to 2 years 48 141.8 137.6 8.0 0.7
= Domestic resources included in M3-M2 331 3.9 11.4 17.3 -2.1
Sum of domestic resources included in M3 2,911 4.1 5.8 19.2 19.1
+ Monetary external liabilities vis-à-vis other monetary union members 346 11.5 5.3 23.8 -11.2
- Monetary external assets vis-à-vis other monetary union members 66 -15.0 -6.5 1.8 2.4
= French component of euro area monetary aggregate M3 3,191 5.1 5.9 41.2 5.6

(a) Seasonally-adjusted data.

Source and production: Banque de France - Direction générale de la statistique, des études et de l'international
Table 3 - Counterparts of domestic resources included in M3
Outstandings
(in € Bn)		 Annual growth
rate (in %)		 Flows
(en € Bn) (a)
Dec-22 Nov-22 Dec-22 Nov-22 Dec-22
ASSETS
Domestic General government financing (1) 1,165 4.6 3.9 9.5 0.0
Of which loans 211 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9
Of which securities 955 5.6 4.9 9.7 0.9
Domestic private sector financing (2) 3,641 6.5 5.7 25.6 9.5
Of which loans to households 1,714 5.4 4.9 5.7 3.1
Of which loans to NFCs 1,331 7.7 7.3 6.0 5.6
Net external assets (3) 223 -55.6 -34.7 -25.5 54.1
Remaining counterparts (b) (4) 342 15.8 17.4 9.7 -36.6
LIABILITIES
Long-term resources (c) (5) 2,460 1.5 2.0 0.1 7.9
Domestic resources included in M3 (1)+(2)+(3)+(4)-(5) 2,911 4.1 5.8 19.2 19.1

(a) Seasonally-adjusted data.
(b) Net of inter-MFI assets and liabilities, net of other balance sheet items (financial derivatives, accounting lags, fixed assets), currency in circulation, gold, SDR.
(c) Deposits over 2 years, debt securities issued, capital and reserves, central government deposits.

Source and production: Banque de France - Direction générale de la statistique, des études et de l'international
Contributions to the growth of the domestic resources included in M3
Contribution of monetary counterparts to growth of the domestic resources included in M3
Source and production: Banque de France - Direction générale de la statistique, des études et de l'international
Additional information
Resources included in M3 (excluding banknotes and coins) consist of investments with a maturity of up to two years held by money-holding agents (households, non-financial corporations, General government excluding central government, insurance companies, pension funds, non-monetary mutual funds, investment firms and special purpose vehicles, for the most part) with monetary financial institutions (MFI).

Monetary financial institutions (MFIs) include credit institutions, finance companies, the Caisse des dépôts et consignations, money market funds and the Banque de France.

Saving accounts include Livret A and Livret Bleu passbooks, sustainable development and solidarity passbooks, home savings accounts, popular savings passbooks, youth passbooks and ordinary passbooks. Regulated savings are partly centralized in the Savings Fund managed by the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations and thus only pass through the banks' balance sheets. Repurchase agreements are temporary purchases of securities by customers (particularly companies, insurance companies and non-money market funds). Debt securities with a maximum maturity of two years mainly comprise NEUCP issued by French banks and subscribed by customers that are not credit institutions or money market funds.

Funding of the economy includes all financing provided by MFIs to the domestic public and private sectors, in the form of loans and securities (debt and equity).

Net external assets correspond to the balance (assets minus liabilities) of MFI operations with the rest of the world.

Long-term inflows of MFIs include capital and reserves, debt securities issued by MFIs with a maturity of more than 2 years, deposits with a maturity of more than 2 years and central government deposits.

The item "Remaining counterparts" includes the balance of inter-MFI receivables and liabilities, the net of other balance sheet items (financial derivatives, accounting differences, fixed assets) and currency in circulation.

Growth rates for the outstanding amounts are calculated by adjusting changes in stocks for effects not resulting from economic transactions, in particular corrections for classification errors, but not for exchange rate effects.

The data on outstanding amounts, annual growth rates, and 12-month cumulative flows published in this Statinfo are not seasonally adjusted, but the monthly flow data are.
More information on time series, calendar, methodology

All statistical time series published by the Banque de France can be accessed on Webstat Banque de France

Publication available under Apple and Android
Money and the financing of the economy
STAT INFO - December 2022

Contact Stat Info

Download the PDF version of this document

Money and the financing of the economy
  • Published on 01/27/2023
  • EN
  • PDF (1.13 MB)
Download (EN)

Published on Friday, January 27, 2023